What Percentage of Emeralds Are Treated?

Emeralds, with their captivating green hue, are among the most treasured gemstones in the world. However, it's essential to know that nearly all emeralds on the market undergo some form of treatment to enhance their beauty and durability. In fact, a staggering 99% of emeralds are treated, most commonly through a process called oiling, where oils such as cedarwood or resin fill the natural fissures of the gem, making them appear clearer and more vibrant.

This practice of treating emeralds dates back centuries and has become a standard in the industry. The oil used in emeralds enhances their clarity, masking the inclusions, or natural imperfections, that are characteristic of these Type III gemstones. However, despite the widespread use of treatments, untreated emeralds—those rare 1%—are considered far more valuable due to their rarity. Untreated emeralds can command significantly higher prices, especially when accompanied by certification from gemological labs like the GIA or GRS.

Why Are Emeralds Treated?

Emeralds are naturally prone to inclusions, making them more fragile than other gemstones like diamonds or rubies. These imperfections, such as cracks and fissures, reduce the overall durability and clarity of the stone. By treating these gemstones with oils or resins, jewelers can improve their visual appeal, making the emeralds more attractive to buyers. This enhancement, often referred to as 'fracture filling,' doesn't necessarily diminish the emerald's value but does require careful disclosure when sold, ensuring buyers are aware of the treatments used.

The Treatment Process

The oiling process is relatively straightforward. The emeralds are soaked in cedarwood oil or a resin that fills in the fissures. This oil closely matches the refractive index of the emerald, allowing the light to pass through the gem more evenly, thus improving its clarity. Over time, however, these oils can dry out, meaning some emeralds may need re-treatment every few years to maintain their luster. This is why it's essential to regularly care for and clean your emerald jewelry, especially if worn daily.

Although oiling is the most common treatment, some emeralds are treated with synthetic resins or polymers like Opticon, which provide more lasting results but may lower the stone's value due to the non-natural filler used. If you're ever in doubt, it's always wise to ask for a certification or report detailing the treatments your emerald has undergone.

Caring for Treated Emeralds

If you own an emerald, whether treated or untreated, it's important to care for it properly. Avoid exposing your emerald to harsh chemicals or extreme temperatures, as these can break down the oils used in treatment. Additionally, it's best to remove your emerald jewelry before doing any heavy work or using cleaning products. Cleaning your emerald with a soft, damp cloth and storing it separately from harder stones, such as diamonds or sapphires, will help maintain its beauty for years to come.

Conclusion

With over 99% of emeralds being treated, it's clear that these treatments are a necessary and accepted practice within the gemstone industry. Whether you're shopping for an emerald ring or an emerald necklace, understanding the treatment processes behind these gems allows you to make informed purchasing decisions. And remember, even treated emeralds, with their radiant green glow, remain timeless pieces of art in the world of fine jewelry.